What is a Classifier?
A classifier, also known as a grit separator, is one of the most important and simplest devices for eliminating solid particles and fine grains from fluids. This device is widely used in numerous industries and can be considered one of the best options for grit removal basins and the treatment of drinking water and wastewater.
One of the main reasons for using a classifier is to prevent damage to pumps and other components in treatment plants. Hence, classifiers are often used in the pre-treatment stage of wastewater.
Main Application of the Device
The existence of solid particles and fine grains like sand and gravel in water is one of the main challenges for numerous industrial equipment, as it can cause serious damage to their components. Hence, the removal of these grains and sand is often done through procedures like classifiers.
Other applications of the device include:
Preventing the deposition of minerals and clogging of pipes.
Increasing the efficiency of aeration equipment.
Extending the lifespan of treatment plant equipment.
Advantages of the Device
In addition to its strong performance and significant impact on water quality, there are other reasons why this equipment is widely used, such as:
The parts of the device are made of steel, providing high resistance to corrosion and abrasion.
The device is very easy to operate and does not require a specialized operator.
It has low energy consumption.
Installation, maintenance, and repair costs are low.
The device can be designed and produced in various shapes and sizes.
Main Components of the Device
Generally, the design of this device includes several main components:
The classifier body is made of steel and is fully insulated against moisture, temperature, and impact.
It has a helical conveyor that generates centrifugal force.
An electromechanical gearbox.
Working Principle of the Device
The general operation of the classifier involves the following steps:
Water enters the body of the device through the inlet.
The flow of the helical conveyor inside the device’s body moves the conveyor and generates centrifugal force.
Fine particles and sand grains are separated from the water by the movement of the conveyor and are directed towards the device’s outlet, where they are discharged.
The water, now free of sand and granular organic matter, is ready for use in the desired environments.
Device Design
As mentioned, the device’s design is based on creating centrifugal force within its body. This design approach can significantly save energy costs and improve the device’s efficiency. In most classifiers, efficiency is above 95%. A crucial aspect of classifier design is the material used in its parts and components. All components of this device are made of steel, guaranteeing high resistance to corrosion and wear.
Devices for separating solids from wastewater can have diameters ranging from 12 to 24 inches (with 12 inches being the most popular size). The classification of aggregates is measured based on hydraulic flow rates in liters per hour and the transfer of solids by the circular conveyor belt.
